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产品介绍 The ANPRA/Aequorin expression vector is designed to co-express human atrial natriuretic peptide receptor A (ANPRA, also called natriuretic peptide receptor A/guanylate cyclase A) and jellyfish (Aequorea victoria) Aequorin in mammalian cells.
询价背景介绍 The binding of Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1), a receptor expressed on activated T cells, to its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, negatively regulates immune responses. The PD-1 ligands are found on most cancers, and PD-1:PD-L1/2 interaction inhibits T cell activity and allows cancer cells to escape immune surveillance. The PD-1:PD-L1/2 pathway is also involved in regulating autoimmune responses, making these proteins promising therapeutic targets for a number of cancers, as well as multiple sclerosis, arthritis, lupus, and type I diabetes. 产品介绍 The recombinant expression vectors are designed to express human engineered T cell receptor (TCR) activator and human PD-L2 (GenBank Accession #NM_025239) in mammalian cells. The transfected cells can be used in conjunction with PD-1/NFAT Reporter/Jurkat T cells (BPS #60535) to study the interactions of PD-1 with PD-L2 ligand in a cellular context and screen for modulators of this signaling pathway. In this assay, PD-1/NFAT Reporter/Jurkat T cells are used as effector cells; HEK293 cells overexpressing PD-L1 (or PD-L2) and an engineered T cell receptor (TCR) activator are used as target cells. When these two cells are co-cultivated, TCR complexes on effector cells are activated by TCR activator on target cells, resulting in expression of the NFAT luciferase reporter. However, PD1 and PD-L1 or PD-L2 ligation prevents TCR activation and suppresses the NFAT-responsive luciferase activity. This inhibition can be specifically reversed by anti-PD1 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies. PD1, PD-L1, or PD-L2 neutralizing antibodies block PD1:PD-L1 and/or PD1:PD-L2 interaction and promote T cell activation, resulting in reactivation of the NFAT responsive luciferase reporter.
询价背景介绍 NF-κB (Nuclear Factor-KappaB, NFkB) is a heterodimeric protein composed of different combinations of members of the Rel family of transcription factors. The NF-κB /Rel family of transcription factors (p50, p65, c-Rel, etc.) are involved in stress, immune, and inflammatory responses. In unstimulated cells, the NF-κB dimers are sequestered in the cytoplasm by inhibitory IkB proteins. Proinflammatory cytokines, LPS, growth factors, and antigen receptors activate I B kinase (IKK), which phosphorylates the I B proteins. Phosphorylation of IkB leads to its degradation, freeing NF-κB complexes to translocate to the nucleus, bind to NF-κB DNA response elements, and induce the transcription of the target genes. 产品介绍 The NF-κB Reporter kit is designed for monitoring the activity of the NF-κB signaling pathway in the cultured cells. The kit contains transfection-ready NF-κB luciferase reporter vector. This reporter contains a firefly luciferase gene under the control of multimerized NF-κB responsive element located upstream of a minimal promoter. The NF-κB reporter is premixed with constitutively-expressing Renilla (sea pansy) luciferase vector, which serves as an internal control for transfection efficiency. The kit also includes a non-inducible firefly luciferase vector premixed with constitutively-expressing Renilla luciferase vector as a negative control. The non-inducible luciferase vector contains a firefly luciferase gene under the control of a minimal promoter, without any additional response elements. The negative control is critical to determining pathway specific effects and background luciferase activity.
询价背景介绍 The JAK (Janus kinase) /STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) pathway is activated by various cytokines and growth factors and plays a critical role in cell growth, hematopoiesis, and immune response. In mammals, there are four JAKs (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2) and seven STAT proteins. Interferon alpha (IFNa) is a Type I interferon. Binding of IFNa to its receptor leads to the activation of JAK1 and TYK2, which in turn phosphorylate and activate STAT1 and STAT2. The phosphorylated STAT1 and 2 form a heterodimer and bind to IRF9/p48, forming a protein complex ISGF3. This complex translocates to the nucleus and binds to the ISRE (Interferon Stimulated Response Element) in the promoter region thereby promoting transcription of interferon-inducible genes. 产品介绍 The ISRE Reporter kit is designed for monitoring the activity of Type I interferon-induced JAK/STAT signaling pathway in the cultured cells. The kit contains transfection-ready ISRE luciferase reporter vector, which is a JAK/STAT pathway-responsive reporter. This reporter contains a firefly luciferase gene under the control of multimerized ISRE responsive element located upstream of a minimal promoter. The ISRE reporter is premixed with constitutively-expressing Renilla (sea pansy) luciferase vector, which serves as an internal control for transfection efficiency. The kit also includes a non-inducible firefly luciferase vector premixed with constitutively-expressing Renilla luciferase vector as a negative control. The noninducible luciferase vector contains a firefly luciferase gene under the control of a minimal promoter, without any additional response elements. The negative control is critical to determining pathway specific effects and background luciferase activity.
询价背景介绍 The stress-activated protein kinase/c-jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) family of proteins includes mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) that are activated by stress, inflammatory cytokines, mitogens, oncogenes, and inducers of cell differentiation and morphogenesis. Upon activation of the SAPK/JNK pathway, MAP Kinase Kinases phosphorylate and activate JNKs. The activated JNKs translocate to the nucleus where they phosphorylate and activate transcription factors such as c-Jun. The activated c-Jun forms homodimers or heterodimers with fos family proteins which bind to the activator protein-1(AP1) response element and induce target gene transcription. 产品介绍 The AP1 Reporter Kit is designed for monitoring the activity of the JNK signaling pathway and the transcriptional activity of AP1 in cultured cells. The kit contains a transfection-ready AP1 luciferase reporter vector. This reporter contains the firefly luciferase gene under the control of multimerized AP1 responsive elements located upstream of a minimal promoter. The AP1 reporter is premixed with a constitutively-expressing Renilla (sea pansy) luciferase vector that serves as an internal control for transfection efficiency. The kit also includes a non-inducible firefly luciferase vector premixed with constitutively-expressing Renilla luciferase vector as a negative control. The non-inducible luciferase vector contains the firefly luciferase gene under the control of a minimal promoter, without any additional response elements. The negative control is critical for determining pathway-specific effects and the background luciferase activity.
询价产品介绍 The CRE/CREB Reporter kit is designed for monitoring the activity of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in cultured cells. The kit contains transfection-ready CRE luciferase reporter. This reporter contains the firefly luciferase gene under the control of multimerized cAMP response element (CRE) located upstream of a minimal promoter. Elevation of the intracellular cAMP level activates cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) to bind CRE and induces the expression of luciferase. The CRE reporter is premixed with constitutively-expressing Renilla (sea pansy) luciferase vector that serves as an internal control for transfection efficiency. The kit also includes a non-inducible firefly luciferase vector premixed with the constitutivelyexpressing Renilla luciferase vector as a negative control. The non-inducible luciferase vector contains the firefly luciferase gene under the control of a minimal promoter, but without any additional response elements. The negative control is critical to determining pathway-specific effects and background luciferase activity.
询价背景介绍 The binding of Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1), a receptor expressed on activated T cells, to its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, negatively regulates immune responses. The PD-1 ligands are found on most cancers, and PD-1:PD-L1/2 interaction inhibits T cell activity and allows cancer cells to escape immune surveillance. The PD-1:PD-L1/2 pathway is also involved in regulating autoimmune responses, making these proteins promising therapeutic targets for a number of cancers, as well as multiple sclerosis, arthritis, lupus, and type I diabetes. 产品介绍 The recombinant expression vectors are designed to express human engineered T cell receptor (TCR) activator and human PD-L1 (GenBank Accession #NM_014143) in mammalian cells. The transfected cells can be used in conjunction with PD-1/NFAT Reporter/Jurkat T cells (BPS #60535) to study the interactions of PD-1 with PD-L1 ligand in a cellular context and screen for modulators of this signaling pathway. In this assay, PD-1/NFAT Reporter/Jurkat T cells are used as effector cells; HEK293 cells overexpressing PD-L1 (or PD-L2) and an engineered T cell receptor (TCR) activator are used as target cells. When these two cells are co-cultivated, TCR complexes on effector cells are activated by TCR activator on target cells, resulting in expression of the NFAT luciferase reporter. However, PD1 and PD-L1 (or PD-L2) ligation prevents TCR activation and suppresses the NFAT-responsive luciferase activity. This inhibition can be specifically reversed by anti-PD1 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies. PD1/PD-L1 neutralizing antibodies block PD1:PD-L1 interaction and promote T cell activation, resulting in reactivation of the NFAT responsive luciferase reporter.
询价产品介绍 Human Lysyl oxidase homolog 4 (LOXL4) also known as, Lysyl oxidase-related protein C (LOXC). GenBank Accession No. NM_032211, a.a. 570-756(end) with a C-terminal His-tag expressed in an E. coli expression system.
询价背景介绍
The glucocorticoid signaling pathway plays an important role in development, fluid homeostasis,
cognition, immune response and metabolism. Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones
that bind to the glucocorticoid receptor, causing it to translocate to the nucleus. Upon
translocation, the receptor can regulate the transcription of a large number of genes, including
those that regulate glucose metabolism and inflammatory responses.
产品介绍
The Glucocorticoid Receptor Pathway Reporter Kit is designed for monitoring the activity of the glucocorticoid signaling pathway in cultured cells. The kit contains a transfection-ready expression vector for the glucocorticoid receptor ligand binding domain that is fused to the DNA binding domain (DBD) of GAL4 (GAL4 DBD-GR). This fusion construct activates firefly luciferase expression under the control of a multimerized GAL4 upstream activation sequence (UAS). This allows for specific detection of glucocorticoid-induced activation of the glucocorticoid receptor without the need for individual transcriptional targets and with low crossreactivity for other nuclear receptor pathways. The GAL4/UAS reporter is premixed with constitutively expressing Renilla (sea pansy) luciferase vector, which serves as an internal positive control for transfection efficiency.
The kit also includes a non-inducible firefly luciferase vector premixed with constitutivelyexpressing Renilla luciferase vector as a negative control. The non-inducible luciferase vector contains a firefly luciferase gene under the control of a minimal promoter, but without any additional response elements. The negative control is critical for determining pathway-specific effects and background luciferase activity.
